Written Exp_ 1st Yea ...

a class of word which is generally used to describe or modify a noun, such as cat; e.g. a sleepy small furry brown cat.

a class of word which is used to describe or modify a verb; for example, the verb purr can be modified by the adverb loudly: the cat purred loudly. Adverbs can also modify adjectives; the adverb absolutely can modify the adjective fabulous, in the phrase Absolutely Fabulous.

grammatical information contained in the verb phrase about the duration of an action; for example I was walking in contrast to I walked.

 a part of the verb phrase, separate from the lexical verb, which carries information about tense, mood and aspect. See page 67.

 a type of morpheme (such as -ed or -tion) which cannot stand on its own but must be attached to a free morpheme (such as pollute, to produce polluted, or pollution). See also derivational morpheme and inflectional morpheme.

a term which can be used generally to mean a group of similar things. See word class for a specific linguistic use of this term

a grammatical unit containing a main verb. A sentence has to contain at least one clause. There are various kinds of clauses. A main clause is one which contains a main

A clause is defined as an expression which contains (at least) a subject and a predicate, and which may contain other types of expression as well (e.g. one or more complements and/or adjuncts). In most cases, the predicate in a clause is a lexical main verb, so that there will be as many different clauses in a sentence as there are different lexical verbs.

This is a term used to denote a specific grammatical function. A complement is an expression which is directly merged with a head word, thereby projecting the head into a larger structure of essentially the same kind. In ‘close the door’, the door is the complement of the verb close; in ‘after dinner’, dinner is the complement of the preposition after; in ‘good at physics’, at physics is the complement of the adjective good; in ‘loss of face’, of face is the complement of the noun loss. As these examples illustrate, complements typically follow their heads in English. Thus, a complement has a close morphological, syntactic and semantic relation to its head.

1. A term used as a classification of the force (i.e. semantic type) of a clause which is used to make a statement (as opposed to an interrogative, exclamative or imperative clause).