Topic outline
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Introduction
The Crisis of Comparative Literature
1. The French School
The Concept of Influence
a. "Literary" and "Non-literary" Influence b. "Direct" and "Indirect" Influence
The Concept of "Reception"
The Concept of "Imitation" and "Borrowing"
"Positive" and "Passive" Influence
1. Literary Schools and Genres
2. Ideological Echoes
3. Image Echoes
4. Verbal Echoes
5. Human Models and Heroes
2. The American School
1. The "Parallelism" Theory
2. The "Intertextuality" Theory
3. Comparative Literature Beyond the Euro-American Frontiers
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Assignment
Answer the following questions:
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Comparative literature has first emerged in France ........
Around the beginning of the seventeenth century
around the beginning of the eighteenth century
around the beginning of the nineteenth century
around the beginning of the twentieth century
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According to American critics, French school concept of comparative literature
has a determination of method
has an idealistic methodology
gives limited scope to 'general literature'
is colored by binary studies
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According to the French comparatists, the movement of an idea, a theme, or an image from a literary text to another is called.................
Reception
literary influence
borrowing
non-literary influence
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French comparatists believe that...........
Direct influence needs no documentary information
there can never be indirect influence
indirect influence can take place through translations
influence can never exist between two different writers
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French comparatists believe that...........
The reception of a foreign work means that it is a sign of 'positive influence'
there is no difference between 'influence' and 'reception'
'influence' can be taken as a step on the road to 'reception'
'reception' can be taken as a step on the road to 'influence'
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The founding father of the American school of comparative literature is..................
Tieghem
Jean Marie Carre
Henry Remak
Baudelaire
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American school comparatists believe that.............
comparative literature should be regarded as a discipline on its own
there can never be a comparative study between literature and other fields of cognition
comparison can be made between two or more different literatures and between literature and other disciplines
comparative literature can never connect different subject areas
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Parallelism refers to..................
affinities between the literatures of different people regardless of direct relations
affinities between the literary works in a certain nation
the reference of a text to another
direct relation and mutual influence between texts
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intertextuality refers to.....................
A particular theme, story or myth that can be repeated in different ways
the impossibility that a writer blends another text into his own
references inside the text itself
a specific approach of reading and interpreting a text
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Salah Abdul-Sabur does not show much interest in myths. Instead, he uses ............. to link the past with the present
visual imagery
historical figures
myths
impersonality
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