4. Atheism
Atheism: “in general, the critique and denial of metaphysical beliefs in God or spiritual beings. As such, it is usually distinguished from theism, which affirms the reality of the divine and often seeks to demonstrate its existence. Atheism is also distinguished from agnosticism, which leaves open the question of whether there is a god or not, professing to find the questions unanswered or unanswerable.” Encyclopedia Britannica.
Atheists mostly believe in science and concrete things, which are visible, tangible and measurable. Science is generally defined as a systematic creativity that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanation and predictions about the universe. Science is based on experimentation and observation which is not the case of religions set since the creation of man. Even their theories about creation are different from what all religions narrate; like the Theory of Evolution by Charles Darwin in 1859 and The Big Bang theory by Georges Lemaître 1927. There are different schools of Atheism, we will just name few.
Another branch of atheists made of Philosophers who were determined to know what is beyond the universe and the nature of good and bad. They are interested in metaphysics and they question the existence of a god, life and death, and the human soul. We may name the Famous Frederick Nitzche.