الخطوط العريضة للقسم
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Thee general aim of this course is to equip students with the necessary knowledge regarding the field of Pragmatics that would enable them to appropriately understand the fundamental issues in pragmatics in relation to conversation, foreign language learning, and communication.
General objectives:
1. To get a general overview of what Pragmatics is, and how it emerged as an independent field of linguistics.
2. To understand the fundamental notions in Pragmatics, with reference to other fields of linguistics.
3. To be able to discuss the different pragmatic theories and their implications in foreign language learning and teaching.
4. To acquire a practical skill on how to apply pragmatics knowledge in the use of English as a foreign language.
5. To be able to analyze the relationship between languages and cultures through Pragmatics.
6. To raise learners’ awareness about the importance of pragmatic competence and its connection with learning foreign languages
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LECTURE NOTES ON S1 CHAPTERS: THIS MAY SERVE AS A STARTING POINT FOR YOUR REVISION, AS IT PROVIDES A GENERAL OVERVIEW OF WHAT WE HAVE DISCUSSED IN S1 LECTURES.
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Pragmatics deals with:
The study of contextual meanings,
The study of speaker’s meaning,
The study of how more gets communicated than what is said,
The study of what people mean in a particular context,
How the context influences what is said.
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The central interface question: “what is said” vs. “what is meant”
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what to retain
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Deixis is context-anchored meaning: stable linguistic rules with shifting contextual values.
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Core types: person, place, time, discourse, social deixis.
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Psychological (deictic) projection is a systematic capacity to shift the deictic center for narrative, instruction, empathy, and interactional alignment.
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Reference is the act by which a speaker uses language to identify something (a person, object, place, event, etc.) for a hearer in a particular context. The crucial point is that reference is not only in the words; it is achieved through the speaker’s use of an expression in a situation.
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"A presupposition is an assumption a speaker takes for granted as already true (or accepted) when producing an utterance. It is background information that the speaker treats as shared or uncontroversial, and it typically remains in place even if the main statement is negated."
George Yule’s Pragmatics
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A conversational implicature is an additional meaning a hearer infers from an utterance beyond what is explicitly said, based on the assumption that interlocutors are participating in a rational, cooperative exchange (in Grice’s sense). The implicature is not part of the conventional meaning of the words themselves; it is derived by pragmatic reasoning from what was said, the context, and conversational principles.
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